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the disinfection of clean and intact skin. For pre-operative surgical hand disinfection, hand disinfection on the ward before aseptic procedures or after handling contaminated materials. For disinfection of the patients’ skin before surgery or other invasive procedures
Therapeutic Class
Chlorhexidine & Chloroxylenol preparations
Pharmacology
Chlorhexidine is a very potent cationic chemoprophylactic agent with a broad spectrum of activity against gm+ve and gm-ve bacteria. It is both bacteriostatic and bactericidal depending on its concentration. The bactericidal effect, which is achieved at high concentrations, is due to the cationic binding to negatively charged bacterial cell walls and extracellular complexes. Bacteriostatic effect is achieved at low concentrations, which causes an alteration of the bacterial cell osmotic equilibrium and leakage of potassium and phosphorus.
Side Effects
Irritative skin reactions can occasionally occur. Generalised allergic reactions have also been reported but are extremely rare
Pregnancy & Lactation
No untoward effects are known
Precautions & Warnings
Avoid contact with brain, meninges, middle ear or sensitive tissues and eyes. Do not inject or use in body cavities.
Overdose Effects
Symptoms: Pharyngeal oedema, necrotic lesions of the esophagus and elevated serum aminotransferase concentrations.
Management: Gastric lavage using milk, raw egg, gelatin or mild soap, or employ appropriate supportive measures.
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